,,MCAP ,M>YL& ,COMPREH5SIVE ,ASSESS;T ,PROGRAM ,GRADE #E ,SCI;E ,PRACTICE ,TE/ ,SPR+ #BJBC ,NEME? ,CODE )9 ,,UEB ,3TEXTS ,PR9T$ 9 ! ,,USA ,9 #B ,VOLUMES ,VOLUME #A ( #B ,BRL PAGES T#A-T#D & #A-#DB ,PR9T PAGES #A-#CB T#A ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E ,SECURE ,TE/ ,MAT]IALS,- ,D ,N ,COPY ,? TE/ BOOK IS SECURE4 ,X MAY N 2 COPI$ OR DUPLICAT$ 9 ANY WAY4 ,? TE/ BOOK " M/ 2 RETURN$ TO ,PE>SON )9 #E BUSI;S "DS ( ! COMPLE;N ( TE/+ Z DIRECT$4 T#B ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E ,,,SPECIAL SYMBOLS US$ 9 ? VOLUME,' .= ,DOT LOCATOR1 PLAC$ 2F EA* SYMBOL .=@.< ,OP5+ TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATOR .=@.> ,CLOS+ TRANSCRIB]'S NOTE 9DICATOR .=^1 ,BOLDFACE ^W 9DICATOR .=^7 ,BOLDFACE PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=^' ,BOLDFACE T]M9ATOR .=_1 ,"UL9$ ^W 9DICATOR .=_4 ,BULLET .="< ,OP5+ P>5!SIS .="> ,CLOS+ P>5!SIS .=.1 ,ITALIC ^W 9DICATOR .=.7 ,ITALIC PASSAGE 9DICATOR .=.' ,ITALIC T]M9ATOR .=; ,GRADE #A SYMBOL 9DICATOR .=,' ,CAPITALS T]M9ATOR .=,- ,DA% .=,, ,CAPITALIZ$ ^W 9DICATOR .=,,, ,CAPITALIZ$ PASSAGE 9DICATOR T#C ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E ,,TRANSCRIB]',S ,,NOTES ,? TE/ IS TRANSCRIB$ AC TO .7,! ,RULES ( ,UNIFI$ ,5GLI% ,BRL.'1 ,SECOND ,$I;N1 #BJAC & .7,BRL ,=MATS3 ,PR9CIPLES ( ,PR9T-TO-,BRL ,TRANSCRIP;N.'1 #BJAF4 ,MA!MATICAL 3T5T IS TRANSCRIB$ AC TO .7,! ,NEME? ,BRL ,CODE = ,MA!MATICS & ,SCI;E ,NOTA;N1 #AIGB ,REVI.N.'1 #BJJG-#BJAH ,UPDATES 9CLUD+ ! .7,GUID.E = ,TRANSCRIP;N ,US+ ! ,NEME? ,CODE )9 ,,UEB ,3TEXTS.'4 ,ALL TACTILE GRAPHICS >E TRANSCRIB$ AC TO .7,GUIDEL9ES & ,/&>DS = ,TACTILE ,GRAPHICS1 #BJAJ.'4 T#D ,,MCAP #A-#C ,M>YL& ,COMPREH5SIVE ,ASSESS;T ,PROGRAM ,GRADE #E ,SCI;E ,PRACTICE ,TE/ ,SPR+ #BJBC ,SEC;N #A ,DIREC;NS = ,TE/-,TAK] & ,RECORD]3 ,TD1 Y W TAKE ,SEC;N #A ( ! ,,MISA ,PRACTICE ,TE/4 ,R1D EA* "Q4 ,!N1 FOLL[ ! DIREC;NS TO ANSW] EA* "Q &1 IF APPROV$ = A RECORD]1 9DICATE YR ANSW] TO ! P]SON :O W RECORD X ON AN ANSW] DOCU;T4 ,O!RWISE1 WRITE YR ANSW] Z DIRECT$ BY YR TE/ ADM9I/RATOR4 ,IF Y NE$ TO *ANGE AN ANSW]1 2 SURE TO ]ASE X COMPLETELY1 CROSS X \1 OR />T A NEW L9E4 ,"S ( ! "QS W ASK Y TO COMPOSE A RESPONSE4 ,YR RESPONSE M/ 2 WRITT5 Z DIRECT$ BY YR TE/ ADM9I/RATOR4 ,IF Y D N "K ! ANSW] TO A "Q1 Y #A ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#C MAY G ON TO ! NEXT "Q4 ,IF Y F9I% E>LY1 Y MAY REVIEW YR ANSW]S & ANY "QS Y DID N ANSW] 9 ? ,SEC;N ,,ONLY4 ,D N G TO ANY O!R ,SEC;N ( ! TE/4 ,IF Y >E US+ ! BRL $I;N AL;G ) ANO!R $I;N ( ! TE/1 Y MAY NOTICE "S SLIE ! RESULT ( ADAPTA;NS MADE = ! V>I\S TE/ =MATS4 ,LIT]>Y TEXT IS PRODUC$ US+ ,UNIFI$ ,5GLI% ,BRL "<,,UEB">1 & MA!MATICAL & SCI5TIFIC NOTA;N IS PRODUC$ US+ ! LATE/ AM5D;T ( ,! ,NEME? ,CODE = ,MA!MATICS & ,SCI;E ,NOTA;N4 #B ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #D ,R1D ALL ( ! 9=MA;N4 ,USE ! 9=MA;N TO ANSW] ! "QS4 ,AF OBS]V+ A FL[] G>D5 \TSIDE ! S*OOL1 A SCI;E CLASS 4CUSS$ :AT PLANTS NE$ TO GR[ & SET UP AN 9VE/IGA;N ) ! HELP ( ! T1*]4 ,! /UD5TS ADD$ COMPO/1 ORGANIC MATT] US$ TO HELP PLANTS GR[1 TO ! SOIL4 ,!Y !N PLANT$ ! SE$S ( FIVE DI6]5T PLANTS4 ,! /UD5TS MADE SURE ! SOIL 0 WAT]$ EA* "D4 ,AF A FEW WEEKS1 ! PLANTS />T$ TO SPR\T1 & ! /UD5TS OBS]V$ ! GR[? ( EA* PLANT4 ,A DIAGRAM ( ! S*OOL G>D5 IS %[N4 #C ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#D ,,,! S*OOL G>D5,' @.<,! FIGURE %[S A G>D5 DIVID$ 9TO FIVE COLUMNS T EA* H A DI6]5T PLANT GR[+ 9 X4@.> #D ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E B#D ,ONCE A WEEK1 ! /UD5TS RECORD$ _! OBS]VA;NS AB ! G>D5 9 _! J\RNALS4 ,:5 ! PLANTS 7 FULLY GR[N1 ! /UD5TS TOOK ! PLANTS \ ( ! SOIL1 R9S$ !M (F ) WAT]1 & _H A G>D5 "D4 ,DUR+ G>D5 "D1 O!R /UD5TS F ! S*OOL 7 9VIT$ TO VIEW ! FULLY GR[N PLANTS4 --------------------------------------#E ,AF ! PLANTS />T$ TO GR[1 ! /UD5TS NOTIC$ ORGANISMS T 7 N "! 2F ! G>D5 0 PLANT$4 ,! /UD5TS LE>N$ T OV] "T ! G>D5 _H 2COME A SMALL ECOSY/EM4 ,TO DEMON/RATE ! FL[ ( 5]GY 9 ! G>D5 ECOSY/EM1 ! /UD5TS DREW A DIAGRAM & 9CLUD$ DECOMPOS]S F.D 9 ! COMPO/1 PRODUC]S1 & 3SUM]S Z %[N4 #E ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#E ,,,5]GY FL[ 9 A G>D5 ECOSY/EM,' @.<,! FIGURE %[S A DIAGRAM TITL$ 8,5]GY ,FL[ 9 A ,G>D5 ,ECOSY/EM0 ) TWO R[S ( ORGANISMS T MAKE UP AN ECOSY/EM4@.> ,PLANT ,CRICKET ,FROG ,SNAKE ,HAWK ,DECOMPOS]S #F ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #F ,AF ! /UD5TS R9S$ (F ! FULLY GR[N LETTUCE1 ! T1*] EXPLA9$ T "S PLANTS1 S* Z LETTUCE1 C 2 REGR[N F CUTT+S4 ,! T1*] !N CUT ! LETTUCE1 KEEP+ ! /EM1 & PLAC$ X 9 A B[L ( WAT] ON A W9D[SILL4 ,! /UD5TS ADD$ WAT] TO ! B[L ONCE A "D = T5 "DS4 ,DUR+ T "T1 ! LETTUCE />T$ TO SPR\T NEW L1VES4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A DIAGRAM TITL$ 8,H[ TO ,REGR[ ,LETTUCE0 ) F\R /AGES T SUMM>IZES ! PROCESS = REGR[+ LETTUCE4@.> #G ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#F ,,,H[ TO REGR[ LETTUCE,' ,PLACE ! /EM ( ! LETTUCE 9 A B[L ( WAT] ) ! TOP EXPOS$ TO AIR4 ,ADD WAT] E "D4 ,KEEP ! B[L 9 A SUNNY >EA4 ,ONCE ! LETTUCE SPR\TS1 PLANT X 9 ! S*OOL G>D54 #H ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #G ,AF ! LETTUCE SPR\T$1 ! T1*] TOOK ! LETTUCE TO ! S*OOL G>D5 & PLANT$ X S T ! LETTUCE PLANT CD 3T9UE TO GR[ UNTIL X 0 R1DY TO 2 PICK$4 ,! /UD5TS !N RECORD$ 9 _! J\RNALS ! MAT]IALS NE$$ TO RECYCLE LETTUCE PLANTS & H[ ! LETTUCE PLANTS C 2 RECYCL$4 --------------------------------------#H ^7,"Q #A REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! COMPO/ 9 ! S*OOL G>D5 3TA9$ PIECES ( NONLIV+ PLANTS4 #A4 ,! PLANT MATT] 0 _1MO/ _1LIKELY PLAC$ 9 ! COMPO/ TO 2 ,A4 EAT5 BY ! CRICKETS4 ;,B4 US$ Z %ELT] BY ! SNAKES4 ;,C4 US$ Z NUTRI5TS = ! HAWK4 ;,D4 BROK5 D[N BY ! DECOMPOS]S4 #I ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#H ^7,"Q #B REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,A /UD5T OBS]V$ A CAT]PILL> EAT+ A L1F 9 ! G>D54 #B4 ,IF ! /UD5T PLAC$ ! CAT]PILL> 9TO ! G>D5 ECOSY/EM DIAGRAM1 ! CAT]PILL> WD REPLACE ,A4 ! PLANT Z A PRODUC]4 ;,B4 ! CRICKET Z A PRODUC]4 ;,C4 ! PLANT Z A 3SUM]4 ;,D4 ! CRICKET Z A 3SUM]4 #AJ ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E B#H ^7,"Q #C REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! /UD5TS 9CLUD$ DECOMPOS]S 9 ! G>D5 ECOSY/EM DIAGRAM TO %[ T DECOMPOS]S H IMPORTANT ROLES 9 ! G>D5 ECOSY/EM4 #C4 ,ID5TIFY ! ROLES ( DECOMPOS]S4 ,SELECT _1TWO4 ,A4 EAT PLANT ROOTS ;,B4 COMPETE ) PLANTS = SOIL ;,C4 REMOVE NUTRI5TS F ! SOIL ;,D4 RECYCLE MAT]IAL BACK 9TO ! SOIL ;,E4 BR1K D[N PLANT & ANIMAL REMA9S #AA ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #I ^7,"Q #D REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! LETTUCE PLANT GREW NEW L1VES AF ! T1*] PLAC$ X 9 ! B[L ( WAT] 9 ! CLASSROOM4 #D4 ,! /UD5TS CLAIM$ ! PLANT GREW NEW L1VES 2C ! PLANT ,A4 C SURVIVE & GR[ ANY":4 ;,B4 0 AWAY F 9SECTS & O!R ANIMALS 9 ! G>D54 ;,C4 NE$$ A DI6]5T TEMP]ATURE ?AN ! \TSIDE G>D54 ;,D4 RCVD ! MAT]IALS X NE$$ F WAT]1 AIR1 & SUNLID5 TO SURVIVE4 #E4 ,: /ATE;T PROVIDES EVID;E T SUPPORTS ? CLAIM8 ,A4 ,! LETTUCE GREW 9 ! G>D54 ;,B4 ,! LETTUCE 9 ! CLASSROOM SPR\T$ NEW L1VES4 ;,C4 ,! /UD5TS WAT]$ ! LETTUCE 9 ! CLASSROOM4 ;,D4 ,! /UD5TS SAW 9SECTS & O!R ANIMALS 9 ! G>D54 -------------------------------------#AJ #F4 ,USE EVID;E F ! 5]GY FL[ DIAGRAM TO DESCRIBE H[ MATT] IS CYCL$ "? ! G>D5 ECOSY/EM4 ,9 YR DESCRIP;N1 2 SURE TO 9CLUDE ! ROLES ( ! ORGANISMS4 #AC ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #AA ,R1D ALL ( ! 9=MA;N4 ,USE ! 9=MA;N TO ANSW] ! "QS4 ,:ILE 9VE/IGAT+ ! DI6]5T =MS ( 5]GY DUR+ SCI;E CLASS1 A GR\P ( /UD5TS 3/RUCT$ A CIRCUIT US+ A BATT]Y1 SWIT*1 & WIRES 3NECT$ TO A LI DESIGN CD 2 US$ TO PRODUCE DI6]5T =MS ( 5]GY TO MOVE OBJECTS1 MAKE S.D1 OR GIVE (F H1T4 ,AF RESE>*+ ! DI6]5T =MS ( 5]GY1 ! /UD5TS DECID$ TO BUILD A MOTORIZ$ TOY C>4 ,= ! 9VE/IGA;N1 ! /UD5TS 3/RUCT$ ! TOY C> US+ A RECYCL$ WAT] BOTTLE1 :EELS F ANO!R TOY1 A BATT]Y1 SWIT*1 WIRES1 & A MOTOR ATTA*$ TO A PROPELL]4 ,DUR+ ! 9VE/IGA;N1 ! /UD5TS 3/RUCT$ ! C> BY ATTA*+ ! :EELS TO ! WAT] BOTTLE & SECUR+ ! BATT]Y & WIRES1 MOTORIZ$ PROPELL]1 & SWIT* ON ! TOP1 Z %[N 9 ! FOLL[+ DIAGRAM4 #AD ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#AA @.<,! FIGURE %[S A TOY C> MADE BY ATTA*+ :EELS TO A BOTTLE & CR1T+ AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ) WIRE1 A BATT]Y1 & A SWIT* TO P[] A MOTORIZ$ PROPELL] M.T$ ON TOP ( ! BOTTLE4 ,! PROPELL] EXT5DS \ AT ! BACK ( ! TOY C>4@.> #AE ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E B#AA ,! /UD5TS PR$ICT$ T IF !Y COMPLET$ ! CIRCUIT CORRECTLY1 ! PROPELL] WD SP9 & ! TOY C> WD 2 PROPELL$ =W>D4 -------------------------------------#AB ^7,"Q #G REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,9 _! J\RNALS1 ! /UD5TS DESCRIB$ ! TRANSF] ( 5]GY NE$$ TO CAUSE ! PROPELL] TO SP94 #G4 ,! _1BE/ DESCRIP;N ( ! TRANSF] ( 5]GY NE$$ TO MAKE ! TOY C> MOVE IS ,A4 H1T 5]GY IS 3V]T$ TO S.D 5]GY4 ;,B4 ELECTRICAL 5]GY IS 3V]T$ TO LI PROVIDES EVID;E T ! SWIT* 3TROLS ! FL[ ( ! ELECTRICAL CURR5T8 ,A4 ,! C> DOES N MOVE :5 ! SWIT* IS OP54 ;,B4 ,! C> DOES N MOVE :5 ! SWIT* IS CLOS$4 ;,C4 ,! %APE ( ! SWIT* H&LE DOES N A6ECT H[ F> ! C> MOVES4 ;,D4 ,! L5G? ( ! SWIT* H&LE DOES N A6ECT H[ F> ! C> MOVES4 #AH ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#AC ^7,"Q #AJ REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! DATA COLLECT$ ON ! RESULTS ( ? 9VE/IGA;N & ! PICTURES ( ! TOY C> W 2 PO/$ ON ! S*OOL ,WEB SITE4 #AJ4 ,! RESULTS W _1MO/ _1LIKELY %[ T ! TOY C> MOV$ Z A RESULT ( ,A4 ! MOTOR *>G+ ! BATT]Y4 ;,B4 ! BATT]Y PROVID+ 5]GY TO ! MOTOR4 ;,C4 ! MOTOR PROVID+ *EMICAL 5]GY TO ! PROPELL]4 ;,D4 ! BATT]Y *ANG+ ELECTRICAL 5]GY 9TO *EMICAL 5]GY4 #AA4 ,: /ATE;T PROVIDES ! _1BE/ EVID;E T 5]GY IS 2+ TRANSF]R$ 9 ! TOY C> 9VE/IGA;N8 ,A4 ,! PROPELL] DID N MOVE4 ;,B4 ,! /UD5TS SAW LI MOV$4 -------------------------------------#AD #AB4 ,USE EVID;E F ! 9VE/IGA;N TO EXPLA9 :Y ! PROVID$ MAT]IALS 7 US$ TO 3/RUCT ! TOY C>4 #AI ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #AE ,/OP4 ,Y H COME TO ! 5D ( ,SEC;N #A ( ! TE/4 ,REVIEW YR ANSW]S F ,SEC;N #A ONLY4 #BJ ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #AF-#AG ,SEC;N #B ,DIREC;NS = ,TE/-,TAK] & ,RECORD]3 ,TD1 Y W TAKE ,SEC;N #B ( ! ,,MISA ,PRACTICE ,TE/4 ,R1D EA* "Q4 ,!N1 FOLL[ ! DIREC;NS TO ANSW] EA* "Q &1 IF APPROV$ = A RECORD]1 9DICATE YR ANSW] TO ! P]SON :O W RECORD X ON AN ANSW] DOCU;T4 ,O!RWISE1 WRITE YR ANSW] Z DIRECT$ BY YR TE/ ADM9I/RATOR4 ,IF Y NE$ TO *ANGE AN ANSW]1 2 SURE TO ]ASE X COMPLETELY1 CROSS X \1 OR />T A NEW L9E4 ,"S ( ! "QS W ASK Y TO COMPOSE A RESPONSE4 ,YR RESPONSE M/ 2 WRITT5 Z DIRECT$ BY YR TE/ ADM9I/RATOR4 ,IF Y D N "K ! ANSW] TO A "Q1 Y MAY G ON TO ! NEXT "Q4 ,IF Y F9I% E>LY1 Y MAY REVIEW YR ANSW]S & ANY "QS Y DID N ANSW] 9 ? ,SEC;N ,,ONLY4 ,D N G TO ANY O!R ,SEC;N ( ! TE/4 #BA ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #AH ,R1D ALL ( ! 9=MA;N4 ,USE ! 9=MA;N TO ANSW] ! "QS4 ,A SCI;E CLUB 0 PLANN+ A FIELD TRIP TO ,CALV]T ,CLI6S ,/ATE ,P>K 9 ,M>YL&4 ,! PURPOSE ( ! FIELD TRIP 0 TO OBS]VE ROCK LAY]S & TO RECORD 9=MA;N AB ! DI6]5T LAY]S ( ROCK4 ,2F ! TRIP1 ! /UD5TS RESE>*$ ROCK LAY]S & DREW DIAGRAMS ( DI6]5T ROCK LAY]S 9 _! SCI;E J\RNALS4 ,"O DIAGRAM %[$ ROCK LAY]S T APPE>$ TO H MOV$ OV] "T1 %[N Z FOLL[S4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A DIAGRAM TITL$ 8,ROCK ,LAY]S0 ) A CROSS-SEC;N ( SIX LAY]S ( ROCK4 ,! LAY]S >E NUMB]$ #A "? #F4 ,LAY]S #A1 #C1 #D1 #E1 & #F >E /ACK$ HORIZONTALLY F LAY] #A AT ! DEEPE/ UP TO LAY] #F AT ! SURFACE4 ,LAY] #B GOES DIAGONALLY UPW>D & TO ! "R "? ! FIVE O!R LAY]S4 ,A L9E IS %[N GO+ UPW>D & TO ! LEFT "? ALL ! LAY]S ( ROCK4@.> #BB ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#AH ,,ROCK ,,LAY]S #BC ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #AI ,AF ! FIELD TRIP TO ,CALV]T ,CLI6S1 "S /UD5TS /AT$ T !Y OBS]V$ ROCK LAY]S HI< UP ON ! CLIFF FACE SIMIL> TO ! DIAGRAMS !Y MADE 9 _! SCI;E J\RNALS4 ,! ROCK LAY]S 7 VISIBLE DUE TO _! DI6]5T COLORA;N4 ,! /UD5TS AL OBS]V$ FOSSILS 9 "S ( ! ROCK LAY]S4 ,! DIAGRAMS ( ! FOSSILS !Y OBS]V$ & ! ROCK LAY]S 9 ! CLI6S >E %[N4 @.<,! FIGURE IS TITL$ 8,FOSSILS ,OBS]V$ AT ,CALV]T ,CLI6S0 & %[S FIVE FOSSILS4@.> ,,,FOSSILS OBS]V$ AT CALV]T CLI6S,' ,SCALLOP ,%ELL ,FOSSIL ,MUREX ,%ELL ,FOSSIL ,SNAIL ,FOSSIL ,%>K ,TOO? ,FOSSIL ,S& ,DOLL> ,FOSSIL @.<,! FIGURE IS TITL$ 8,ROCK ,LAY]S ( ,CALV]T ,CLI6S0 & %[S #BD ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#AI #D LAY]S ( ROCK 2L ! GR.D SURFACE4 ,"! >E A FEW TREES AT ! SURFACE4@.> -------------------------------------#BJ ,! /UD5TS 3T9U$ _! RESE>* TO DET]M9E ! TYPES ( FOSSILS T MAY 2 F.D 9 ! DI6]5T ROCK LAY]S4 ,! FOLL[+ DIAGRAM ILLU/RATES "S ( ! FOSSILS T =M$ 9 ! DI6]5T ROCK LAY]S4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A DIAGRAM TITL$ 8,ROCK ,LAY]S ,3TA9+ ,FOSSILS0 ) SIX LAY]S ( ROCK NUMB]$ #A "? #F1 F L[E/ TO HI FOSSIL1 A FOSSIL %AP$ L A FI% SKELETON1 & A MUREX %ELL FOSSIL4 #BE ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BJ _4 ,LAY] #F 3TA9S A FOSSIL %AP$ L A F]N1 A FOSSIL %AP$ L A DRAGONFLY1 & FOSSILS %AP$ L ANIMAL FOOTPR9TS4 ,"! IS "O UNLABEL$ LAY] ABV LAY] #F T DOES N 3TA9 ANY FOSSILS4 ,A NOTE 9DICATES ! FIGURE IS N DRAWN TO SCALE4@.> #BF ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E B#BJ ,,,ROCK LAY]S 3TA9+ FOSSILS,' N DRAWN TO SCALE #BG ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #BA ^7,"Q #A REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! /UD5TS' DIAGRAM ( ! ROCK LAY]S T APPE>$ TO H MOV$ IS EVID;E T ! >EA 0 A6ECT$ BY AN ,E>? =CE4 #A4 ,! EV5T T _1MO/ _1LIKELY CAUS$ ! MOVE;T %[N 9 ! DIAGRAM 0 ,A4 A FLOOD4 ;,B4 A HURRICANE4 ;,C4 AN E>?QUAKE4 ;,D4 A VOLCANO ]UP;N4 #B4 ,! FOSSILS & ROCK LAY]S PROVIDE EVID;E T AL? X IS N[ DRY L&1 MILLIONS ( YE>S AGO ! >EA ( ,CALV]T ,CLI6S 0 ,A4 "UWAT]4 ;,B4 HOT & HUMID4 ;,C4 ! SAME Z TD4 ;,D4 A DES]T 5VIRON;T4 #BH ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BA #C4 ,! /UD5TS 3CLUD$ T ,CALV]T ,CLI6S AT "O "T 0 ,A4 A DES]T 5VIRON;T 2C ( ! FOSSIL EVID;E F L& MAMMALS4 ;,B4 A M.TA9 5VIRON;T 2C ( ! FOSSIL EVID;E F L& MAMMALS4 ;,C4 A =E/ 5VIRON;T 2C ( ! FOSSIL EVID;E F M>9E ORGANISMS4 ;,D4 AN OC1N 5VIRON;T 2C ( ! FOSSIL EVID;E F M>9E ORGANISMS4 #BI ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #BB ^7,"Q #D REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,"O /UD5T DREW ! FOLL[+ MAP T ID5TIFI$ ! OC1N %OREL9E 9 ! >EA ( ,CALV]T ,CLI6S MILLIONS ( YE>S AGO4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A MAP ( ! MID-,ATLANTIC COA/ REGION T 9CLUDES "PS ( ,NEW ,J]SEY1 ,P5NSYLVANIA1 ,DELAW>E1 ,M>YL&1 & ,VIRG9IA4 ,CALV]T ,CLI6S IS LABEL$ AT A PO9T ON ! WE/]N "P ( ! ,*ESAP1KE ,BAY 9 ,M>YL&4 ,A CURVE LABEL$ 8,HI/ORIC ,COA/L9E0 %[S T MO/ ( ,DELAW>E & ,M>YL&1 9CLUD+ ,CALV]T ,CLI6S1 WD H BE5 "UWAT] 9 ! 4TANT PA/4@.> #CJ ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BB #D4 ,! DATA TO SUPPORT ! /UD5T'S MAP ( ! HI/ORIC COA/L9E IS ,A4 ! TYPES ( ROCKS F.D AT ,CALV]T ,CLI6S4 ;,B4 ! TYPES ( FOSSILS F.D AT ,CALV]T ,CLI6S4 ;,C4 ! NUMB] ( ROCK LAY]S F.D AT ,CALV]T ,CLI6S4 ;,D4 ! AM.T ( WAT] AT ! BOTTOM ( ,CALV]T ,CLI6S4 #CA ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #BC #E4 ,: /ATE;T IS SUPPORT$ BY ! EVID;E 9 ! ,ROCK ,LAY]S ,3TA9+ ,FOSSILS DIAGRAM8 ,A4 ,! ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #C LIV$ 2F ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #B & AF ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #F4 ;,B4 ,! ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #C LIV$ AF ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #B & 2F ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #F4 ;,C4 ,! ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #C LIV$ AF ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #D & AT ! SAME "T Z ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #F4 ;,D4 ,! ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #C LIV$ 2F ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #D & AT ! SAME "T Z ORGANISMS 9 LAY] #F4 -------------------------------------#BD #F4 ,USE EVID;E F ! DIAGRAMS TO DESCRIBE H[ ! ,CALV]T ,CLI6S _1MO/ _1LIKELY APPE>$ MILLIONS ( YE>S AGO4 #CB ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #BE ,R1D ALL ( ! 9=MA;N4 ,USE ! 9=MA;N TO ANSW] ! "QS4 ,A SCI;E CLASS 9VE/IGAT$ ! PROP]TIES ( MATT] & OBS]V$ T "S =MS ( MATT]1 GASES1 S* Z AIR1 >E N EASILY OBS]V$4 ,O!R =MS ( MATT]1 S* Z LIQUIDS & SOLIDS1 >E EASILY OBS]V$ & C 2 SORT$ US+ PHYSICAL PROP]TIES4 ,9 ORD] TO 9VE/IGATE ! PHYSICAL PROP]TIES ( MATT]1 ! /UD5TS GA!R$ "S LIQUIDS & P[D]Y SOLIDS 9 B1K]S Z WELL Z O!R SOLID OBJECTS F ! T1*]'S LAB SUPPLIES4 ,! /UD5TS W5T OV] SAFETY 9/RUC;NS ) ! T1*] & PUT ON PROTECTIVE GO7LES & LAB COATS4 ,! COLLEC;N ( SOLID & LIQUID MATT] IS %[N4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A COLLEC;N ( SOLID & LIQUID MATT]4 ,A GR\P LABEL$ 8,LIQUIDS & ,P[D]Y ,SOLIDS0 %[S SUB/.ES 9 F\R B1K]S1 ) ! NUMB]S #EJ TO #BEJ1 9 9CRE;TS ( #EJ1 %[N ON ! SIDE ( EA* B1K]4 ,EA* B1K] IS FILL$ TO ! #AJJ L9E & ! SUB/.ES >E LABEL$ 8,BAK+ ,SODA10 8,V9EG>10 #CC ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BE 8,S&10 & 8,WAT]40 ,ANO!R GR\P LABEL$ 8,O!R ,SOLID ,OBJECTS0 %[S F\R OBJECTS T >E LABEL$ Z 8,IRON ,R+10 8,COPP] ,WIRE10 8,RU2] ,TUB+10 & 8,*ALK40@.> -------------------------------------#BF ,AF REVIEW+ ! SAFETY 9/RUC;NS ) ! T1*]1 ! /UD5TS PUT ON PROTECTIVE GO7LES & LAB COATS & PROCE$$ ) ! 9VE/IGA;NS4 ,9 ! F/ 9VE/IGA;N1 ! /UD5TS COMB9$ V9EG> & BAK+ SODA & RECORD$ ! RESULTS 9 _! LAB J\RNALS4 ,!N !Y *ANG$ ! 9VE/IGA;N BY COMB9+ V9EG> & S&4 ,! /UD5TS' PROC$URES >E %[N4 ,COMB9+ V9EG> & BAK+ SODA4 #A4 ,PLACE A PLA/IC PIPETTE FILL$ ) V9EG> 9SIDE A PLA/IC BAG 3TA9+ BAK+ SODA4 #B4 ,S1L ! PLA/IC BAG4 #C4 ,M1SURE ! MASS ( ! BAG US+ A BAL.E4 #D4 ,PLACE ! BAG ON A LAB TABLE4 #E4 ,SQUEEZE ! PIPETTE TO COMB9E ! V9EG> ) ! BAK+ SODA4 #CD ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BF #F4 ,M1SURE ! MASS ( ! S1L$ BAG & 3T5TS US+ A BAL.E4 #G4 ,RECORD OBS]VA;NS 9 LAB J\RNAL4 -------------------------------------#BG ,A DIAGRAM ( ! RESULT ( COMB9+ V9EG> ) BAK+ SODA IS %[N4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A DIAGRAM ( V9EG> 2+ COMB9$ ) BAK+ SODA4 ,AN ILLU/RA;N %[S A PIPETTE ( V9EG> & "S LOOSE BAK+ SODA 9 A PLA/IC BAG ) A CAP;N T R1DS 8,V9EG> PLUS ,BAK+ ,SODA ,2F ,COMB9+40 ,AN >R[ PO9TS TO ANO!R ILLU/RA;N T %[S ! SAME PIPETTE & BAK+ SODA S1L$ 9 ! PLA/IC BAG1 B N[ ! BAG IS 9FLAT$1 & "! >E BU2LES 9SIDE4 ,A CAP;N R1DS 8,V9EG> PLUS ,BAK+ ,SODA ,AF ,COMB9+40@.> ,! /UD5TS US$ ! SAME PROC$URE & REP1T$ ! 9VE/IGA;N1 REPLAC+ ! BAK+ SODA ) S&4 ,A DIAGRAM ( ! RESULTS ( COMB9+ V9EG> ) S& IS %[N4 @.<,! FIGURE %[S A DIAGRAM ( V9EG> 2+ COMB9$ ) S&4 ,AN ILLU/RA;N #CE ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BG %[S A PIPETTE ( V9EG> & "S LOOSE S&1 : IS LI PLUS ,S& ,2F ,COMB9+40 ,AN >R[ PO9TS TO ANO!R ILLU/RA;N T %[S ! SAME PIPETTE & S& S1L$ 9 ! PLA/IC BAG1 B N[ ! S& IS M D>KLY %AD$4 ,A CAP;N R1DS 8,V9EG> PLUS ,S& ,AF ,COMB9+40@.> -------------------------------------#BH ^7,"Q #G REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,2F MIX+ ! V9EG> & BAK+ SODA1 ! /UD5TS ID5TIFI$ ! QUALITATIVE PROP]TIES ( ! TWO SUB/.ES 9 _! LAB J\RNALS4 #G4 ,SELECT _1?REE QUALITATIVE PROP]TIES ( ! TWO SUB/.ES4 ,A4 V9EG> IS A LIQUID ;,B4 ! COLOR ( BAK+ SODA ;,C4 BAK+ SODA IS A SOLID ;,D4 ! VOLUME ( V9EG> US$ ;,E4 MASS ( ! BAK+ SODA US$ #CF ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #BI ^7,"Q #H HAS TWO "PS1 ,A & ;,B4^' #H4 ,"P ,A ,! /UD5TS PLAC$ ! SAME AM.T ( LIQUID 9 EA* B1K] 9 ! EXAM9+ MATT] 9VE/IGA;N4 ,! UNIT ( M1SURE;T = ! LIQUID 9 EA* B1K] 0 #AJJ ,A4 LIT]S4 ;,B4 MILLILIT]S4 ;,C4 GRAMS4 ;,D4 MILLIGRAMS4 #CG ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#BI #H4 "<3T4"> ^7,"P ;,B REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,!N ! /UD5TS OBS]V$ T ! SAME AM.T ( LIQUID 0 PLAC$ 9 ! B1K]S2 H["E1 "S B1K]S FELT H1VI]1 : 0 EVID;E T ! B1K]S CD 2 SORT$ 9 A DI6]5T WAY4 ,"P ;,B ,: PHYSICAL PROP]TIES ( ! LIQUIDS 9 ! B1K]S WD ! /UD5TS _1MO/ _1LIKELY USE TO SORT ! LIQUIDS8 ,SELECT _1TWO4 ,A4 COLOR ;,B4 MASS ;,C4 H>D;S ;,D4 VOLUME ;,E4 TEMP]ATURE #CH ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E B#BI ^7,"Q #I REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! /UD5TS 9VE/IGAT$ DI6]5T WAYS TO ID5TIFY ! SOLID MAT]IALS BAS$ ON OBS]VABLE & M1SURABLE PROP]TIES4 #I4 ,: PROP]TIES ( SOLIDS >E OBS]V$ BY SCRAT*+ ! SURFACE & %9+ A LID;S ;,C4 H>D;S & REFLECTIV;Y ;,D4 H>D;S & ELECTRICAL 3DUCTIV;Y #CI ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #CJ ^7,"Q #AJ REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,! /UD5TS 3CLUD$ F ! RESULTS ( ! 9VE/IGA;NS T :5 MAT]IALS >E COMB9$1 "S"TS A NEW SUB/.E IS =M$4 #AJ4 ,ID5TIFY ! EVID;E F ! 9VE/IGA;NS T SUPPORTS ! 3CLU.N T A NEW SUB/.E 0 =M$4 ,SELECT _1TWO4 ,A4 ,! BAG EXP&$4 ;,B4 ,A LIQUID COMB9$ ) A SOLID4 ;,C4 ,! S& GOT WET :5 COMB9$ ) V9EG>4 ;,D4 ,! MASS *ANG$ AF ! SUB/.ES 7 COMB9$4 ;,E4 ,BU2LES =M$ 9 ! BAG ) ! V9EG> & BAK+ SODA4 #DJ ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E A#CJ ^7,"Q #AA REF]S TO ! FOLL[+ 9=MA;N4^' ,AF COMB9+ ! MAT]IALS1 ! /UD5TS COLLECT$ QUALITATIVE & QUANTITATIVE DATA AB ! SUB/.ES4 ,! /UD5TS US$ V>I\S LAB TOOLS TO M CLOSELY OBS]VE IF A *ANGE O3URR$ TO ! SUB/.ES & !N RECORD$ _! OBS]VA;NS 9 _! LAB J\RNALS4 #AA4 ,: TOOLS WD ! /UD5TS USE TO COLLECT QUANTITATIVE DATA8 ,SELECT _1?REE4 ,A4 ,BAL.E ;,B4 ,MICROSCOPE ;,C4 ,!RMOMET] ;,D4 ,MAGNIFY+ GLASS ;,E4 ,GRADUAT$ CYL9D] -------------------------------------#CA #AB4 ,USE DATA F ! MIX+ MAT]IALS 9VE/IGA;N TO ID5TIFY EVID;E T A NEW SUB/.E _H =M$4 #DA ,,MCAP ,SCI;E #E #CB ,/OP4 ,Y H COME TO ! 5D ( ,SEC;N #B ( ! TE/4 ,REVIEW YR ANSW]S F ,SEC;N #B ONLY4 #DB